Provision of high-quality supportive care services for cancer survivors is becoming increasingly challenging as available resources fail to match the growth of this population. Community-based exercise programs are a critical component of oncological treatment for the longer-term health and wellbeing of cancer survivors. The YMCA Cancer Survivors Program is a free exercise program offered at several YMCA’s across Brisbane, Australia. The program offers two, 1-hour supervised aerobic- and resistance-based sessions per week for 12 weeks. The YMCA Cancer Survivors Program has been running since 2016 and to date, over 440 participants have completed the program. The aim of this study is to conduct a process and effectiveness evaluation of the YMCA Cancer Survivors Program. Cancer survivors participating in the YMCA Cancer Survivors Program during 2021 and 2022 will be invited to participate in this pragmatic trial. The process evaluation will involve measures of safety, attendance, adherence and uptake. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the program will include measures of physical activity, quality of life, fatigue, exercise capacity, strength, sleep, cognition, emotional distress, flexibility, balance and body composition of participants measured before and after the 12-week exercise program. The findings from the evaluation will be used to iteratively refine and develop the program, with plans for broader dissemination and uptake in other YMCA sites.