Aims
LEN + everolimus is approved for advanced RCC following VEGF-targeted therapy. PEMBRO + axitinib is approved first-line for advanced RCC. We report phase 2 results of the RCC cohort of a phase 1b/2 trial (Study 111/KEYNOTE-146) of LEN + PEMBRO in patients with mccRCC.
Methods
This multicenter, open-label study enrolled patients with mccRCC (measurable per irRECIST) who progressed previously per RECIST v1.1 (confirmed ≥ 4 weeks later) during or following ICI therapy. Patients received LEN 20 mg orally daily + PEMBRO 200 mg IV Q3W. Tumor assessments were performed every 6 weeks (until week 24), then every 9 weeks. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) at week 24 (irRECIST per investigator assessment).
Results
104 patients were enrolled. Median duration of follow-up for OS was 12.3 months. 65% of patients had prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-VEGF therapy in combination or sequentially; 37% of patients had prior nivolumab + ipilimumab. At week 24, 53/104 patients achieved a confirmed partial response; ORR was 51% (Table). Data by independent imaging review (RECIST v1.1) and subgroup analyses will also be available. The most common treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were fatigue (53%), diarrhea (46%), and proteinuria (39%). Two grade 5 TRAEs occurred (upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage; sudden death). 15% of patients discontinued treatment due to TRAEs.
Conclusions
LEN + PEMBRO demonstrated promising antitumor activity in mccRCC after ICI therapy. No new safety signals were detected.
Efficacy by investigator assessment |
irRECIST N=104 |
ORR, n/N (%) [95% CI] |
57/104 (54.8) [44.7-64.6] |
Prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-VEGF |
40/68 (58.8) [46.2-70.6] |
Prior nivolumab + ipilimumab |
18/38 (47.4) [31-64.2] |
PD-L1 status |
|
Positive |
22/44 (50) [34.6-65.4] |
Negative |
27/43 (62.8) [46.7-77] |
ORR(week 24), n (%) [95% CI] |
53 (51) [41-60.9] |
DORa (95% CI) |
12.2 (8.5-18.2) |
Time to responsea (range) |
1.6 (1.2-13.7) |
PFSa (95% CI) |
11.7 (9.4-17.7) |
OSa |
Not reached |
aMedian, months |